Para editar seus repositórios use o seguinte comando:
Para Ubuntu
sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
Para Kubuntu
sudo kwrite /etc/apt/sources.list
Apague todo o conteúdo do arquivo e substitua pelo conteúdo destacado abaixo. Salve o arquivo, feche e rode o comando:
sudo apt-get update
Instale seus programas usando o Synaptic, se preferir:
Sistema > Administração > Gerenciador de Pacotes Synaptic
Estejam a vontade para sugerir a inclusão de outros repositórios nesta lista.
Lista de repositórios da família Ubuntu Feisty Fawn (7.04) # Sources.list para a família Ubuntu Feisty Fawn
# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ feisty main restricted
deb-src http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ feisty main restricted
## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ feisty-updates main restricted
deb-src http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ feisty-updates main restricted
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
## universe WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu security
## team.
deb http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ feisty universe
deb-src http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ feisty universe
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ feisty multiverse
deb-src http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ feisty multiverse
## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from the 'backports'
## repository.
## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ feisty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ feisty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu feisty-security main restricted
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu feisty-security main restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu feisty-security universe
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu feisty-security universe
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu feisty-security multiverse
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu feisty-security multiverse
########### Outros ##################
#############################################################
# Todas linhas com "#" no início não serão interpretadas pelo Linux
# Ativar ou descomentar = retirar o # do início da linha
# Desativar ou comentar = colocar # no início da linha
# Após modificações, salvar o sources.list e depois no terminal
# sudo apt-get update
# Os repositórios abaixo não são oficiais, use-os com moderação.
# Descomente um grupo por vez. Não deve ser feito upgrade com estes repositórios ativos
# Após uso destes, comente-os matendo o sources.list exatamente como apresentado.
#############################################################
#Cristhian Marillat (multimidia) - Descomente apenas para instalar os codecs necessários.
# Opção alternativa do Seveas (libdvdcss2, w32codecs, realplayer).
# deb http://www.debian-multimedia.org sarge main
# deb http://www.debian-multimedia.org etch main
# deb http://www.debian-multimedia.org sid main
## Skype
# deb http://download.skype.com/linux/repos/debian/ stable non-free
Lista de repositórios da família Ubuntu Gutsy Gibbon (7.10) Alpha i386
#deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 7.10 _Gutsy Gibbon_ - Alpha i386 (20070823.5)]/ gutsy main restricted
# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy main restricted
deb-src http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy main restricted
## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main restricted
deb-src http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main restricted
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
## universe WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu security
## team.
deb http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy universe
deb-src http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy universe
deb http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates universe
deb-src http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates universe
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy multiverse
deb-src http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy multiverse
deb http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates multiverse
deb-src http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates multiverse
## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from the 'backports'
## repository.
## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'commercial' repository. This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is
## offered by Canonical and the respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu
## users.
#deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu gutsy commercial
#deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu gutsy commercial
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-security main restricted
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-security main restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-security universe
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-security universe
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-security multiverse
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-security multiverse
Fácil de usarEsta lista foi feita principalmente para iniciantes priorizando a facilidade de uso.
Basta copiar e colar na sua sources.list e pronto. Funciona sem erros, caso todos os repositórios estejam em funcionamento.
Geralmente é pedido uma chave de autenticação. No entanto, mesmo sem fornece-las, consegue-se instalar o necessário no SO. Veja detalhes mais abaixo.
Aqueles repositórios comentados, isto é, desativados com o # colocado na frente, só devem ser usados quando você quiser instalar algum soft, codec,etc não disponível para instalação pelos repositórios oficiais.
Ative -> use -> desative, não se esquecendo que, a cada modificação, é necessário o
$ sudo apt-get update
PUBKEYVamos ativar, como exemplo, este repositório que consta na lista do 7.04. Só com este, você pode instalar w32codecs, libdvdcss2, realplayer, etc.
deb http://www.debian-multimedia.org/ sid main
Ao fazermos o apt-get update, iremos ter o seguinte:
W: GPG error: http://www.debian-multimedia.org sid Release:
As assinaturas a seguir não puderam ser verificadas devido a chave pública não estar disponível: NO_PUBKEY 07DC563D1F41B907
No caso, a chave é 07DC563D1F41B907
gpg --keyserver hkp://wwwkeys.eu.pgp.net --recv-keys 07DC563D1F41B907
sudo gpg --armor --export 07DC563D1F41B907 | sudo apt-key add -
# sudo apt-get update
Algumas dúvidas como:
instalar outros aplicativos e ambientes de desktop, codecs, etc.
Podem ser esclarecidas neste site:
http://wiki.ubuntu-br.org/GuiaFeisty Outra maneira de ter seu repositórioÉ usando o site:
http://www.ubuntulinux.nl/source-o-maticGera automaticamente sua sources.list para diversos tipos de hardware.
Como exemplo, teremos uma sources.list do Ubuntu 7.04 feita para i386 Standard PC
# Automatically generated sources.list
# http://www.ubuntu-nl.org/source-o-matic/
#
# If you get GPG errors with this sources.list, locate the GPG key in this file
# and run these commands (where KEY is replaced with that key)
#
# gpg --keyserver hkp://subkeys.pgp.net --recv-keys KEY
# gpg --export --armor KEY | sudo apt-key add -
#
# If you don't know what to do with this file, read
# https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Repositories/CommandLine
# Ubuntu supported packages
# GPG key: 437D05B5
deb http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu feisty main restricted
deb http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu feisty-updates main restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu feisty-security main restricted
# Ubuntu community supported packages
# GPG key: 437D05B5
deb http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu feisty universe multiverse
deb http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu feisty-updates universe multiverse
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu feisty-security universe multiverse
Vejam que nesta listagem aparece a GPG key e tambem a maneira de obtermos, se necessário, o nosso acesso pleno a estes repositórios.
Basta rodar os comandos acima, substituindo KEY pela GPG key fornecida.
Não consigo o: sudo apt-get update, retorna: E: Tipo "Sources.list" não é conhecido na linha de 1 na lista de fontes '/etc/apt//sources.list.
E: A lista de fontes não pôde ser lida. Ajude-me, sei nada disso, estou no Linux há 5 dias. juraci.