Consegui o comando que mostra os dispositivos usb do notebook: dmesg | grep usb -i e, para a porta usb na qual está conectada a impressora, saiu a seguinte mensagem (será que isso ajuda a esclarecer o problema?):
[ 2166.716095] usb 2-2: new full-speed USB device number 3 using ohci-pci
[ 2166.856128] usb 2-2: device descriptor read/64, error -62
[ 2167.100120] usb 2-2: device descriptor read/64, error -62
[ 2167.340106] usb 2-2: new full-speed USB device number 4 using ohci-pci
[ 2167.480104] usb 2-2: device descriptor read/64, error -62
[ 2167.724104] usb 2-2: device descriptor read/64, error -62
[ 2167.964100] usb 2-2: new full-speed USB device number 5 using ohci-pci
[ 2168.372081] usb 2-2: device not accepting address 5, error -62
[ 2168.508098] usb 2-2: new full-speed USB device number 6 using ohci-pci
[ 2168.916097] usb 2-2: device not accepting address 6, error -62
[ 2168.916177] hub 2-0:1.0: unable to enumerate USB device on port 2