Eu fui no terminal e tentei fazer como você citou (o terminal estava assim: new@system-desktop:$. Digitei sudo gedit arquivo_a_editar). Aí apareceu: [sudo] password for new. Digitei a senha. Depois apareceu novamente: new@system-desktop:$. Não entendi nada. Tentei usar também o gksudo (Alt+F2, digitei gksudo gedit arquivo_a_editar) Apareceu a mensagem "Digite sua senha para executar tarefas administrativas." Digitei a senha. E apareceu a mensagem, dizendo: Não foi possível rodar gedit arquivo_a_editar como usuário de root. Mecanismo de autorização (sudo) não permite que você execute esse programa. Parece até brincadeira.
O nome do usuário que utilizo é "new".
O que consegui achar em: Aplicações > Acessórios > Editor de Texto > /etc/group e /etc/passwd, foram:
em group:
root:x:0:
daemon:x:1:
bin:x:2:
sys:x:3:
adm:x:4:system,new
tty:x:5:
disk:x:6:
lp:x:7:
mail:x:8:
news:x:9:
uucp:x:10:
man:x:12:
proxy:x:13:
kmem:x:15:
dialout:x:20:system,new
fax:x:21:
voice:x:22:
cdrom:x:24:haldaemon,system,new
floppy:x:25:haldaemon,system,new
tape:x:26:
sudo:x:27:
audio:x:29:system,new
dip:x:30:system,new
www-data:x:33:
backup:x:34:
operator:x:37:
list:x:38:
irc:x:39:
src:x:40:
gnats:x:41:
shadow:x:42:
utmp:x:43:
video:x:44:system,new
sasl:x:45:
plugdev:x:46:haldaemon,system,new
staff:x:50:
games:x:60:
users:x:100:
nogroup:x:65534:
dhcp:x:101:
syslog:x:102:
klog:x:103:
scanner:x:104:hplip,system,new
nvram:x:105:
fuse:x:106:
ssl-cert:x:107:
lpadmin:x:108:system,new
messagebus:x:109:
admin:x:110:system
crontab:x:111:
ssh:x:112:
avahi-autoipd:x:113:
avahi:x:114:
netdev:x:115:system
haldaemon:x:116:
powerdev:x:117:haldaemon,system
gdm:x:118:
slocate:x:119:
system:x:1000:
new:x:1001:root:x:0:
daemon:x:1:
bin:x:2:
sys:x:3:
adm:x:4:system,new
tty:x:5:
disk:x:6:
lp:x:7:
mail:x:8:
news:x:9:
uucp:x:10:
man:x:12:
proxy:x:13:
kmem:x:15:
dialout:x:20:system,new
fax:x:21:
voice:x:22:
cdrom:x:24:haldaemon,system,new
floppy:x:25:haldaemon,system,new
tape:x:26:
sudo:x:27:
audio:x:29:system,new
dip:x:30:system,new
www-data:x:33:
backup:x:34:
operator:x:37:
list:x:38:
irc:x:39:
src:x:40:
gnats:x:41:
shadow:x:42:
utmp:x:43:
video:x:44:system,new
sasl:x:45:
plugdev:x:46:haldaemon,system,new
staff:x:50:
games:x:60:
users:x:100:
nogroup:x:65534:
dhcp:x:101:
syslog:x:102:
klog:x:103:
scanner:x:104:hplip,system,new
nvram:x:105:
fuse:x:106:
ssl-cert:x:107:
lpadmin:x:108:system,new
messagebus:x:109:
admin:x:110:system
crontab:x:111:
ssh:x:112:
avahi-autoipd:x:113:
avahi:x:114:
netdev:x:115:system
haldaemon:x:116:
powerdev:x:117:haldaemon,system
gdm:x:118:
slocate:x:119:
system:x:1000:
new:x:1001:root:x:0:
daemon:x:1:
bin:x:2:
sys:x:3:
adm:x:4:system,new
tty:x:5:
disk:x:6:
lp:x:7:
mail:x:8:
news:x:9:
uucp:x:10:
man:x:12:
proxy:x:13:
kmem:x:15:
dialout:x:20:system,new
fax:x:21:
voice:x:22:
cdrom:x:24:haldaemon,system,new
floppy:x:25:haldaemon,system,new
tape:x:26:
sudo:x:27:
audio:x:29:system,new
dip:x:30:system,new
www-data:x:33:
backup:x:34:
operator:x:37:
list:x:38:
irc:x:39:
src:x:40:
gnats:x:41:
shadow:x:42:
utmp:x:43:
video:x:44:system,new
sasl:x:45:
plugdev:x:46:haldaemon,system,new
staff:x:50:
games:x:60:
users:x:100:
nogroup:x:65534:
dhcp:x:101:
syslog:x:102:
klog:x:103:
scanner:x:104:hplip,system,new
nvram:x:105:
fuse:x:106:
ssl-cert:x:107:
lpadmin:x:108:system,new
messagebus:x:109:
admin:x:110:system
crontab:x:111:
ssh:x:112:
avahi-autoipd:x:113:
avahi:x:114:
netdev:x:115:system
haldaemon:x:116:
powerdev:x:117:haldaemon,system
gdm:x:118:
slocate:x:119:
system:x:1000:
new:x:1001:root:x:0:
daemon:x:1:
bin:x:2:
sys:x:3:
adm:x:4:system,new
tty:x:5:
disk:x:6:
lp:x:7:
mail:x:8:
news:x:9:
uucp:x:10:
man:x:12:
proxy:x:13:
kmem:x:15:
dialout:x:20:system,new
fax:x:21:
voice:x:22:
cdrom:x:24:haldaemon,system,new
floppy:x:25:haldaemon,system,new
tape:x:26:
sudo:x:27:
audio:x:29:system,new
dip:x:30:system,new
www-data:x:33:
backup:x:34:
operator:x:37:
list:x:38:
irc:x:39:
src:x:40:
gnats:x:41:
shadow:x:42:
utmp:x:43:
video:x:44:system,new
sasl:x:45:
plugdev:x:46:haldaemon,system,new
staff:x:50:
games:x:60:
users:x:100:
nogroup:x:65534:
dhcp:x:101:
syslog:x:102:
klog:x:103:
scanner:x:104:hplip,system,new
nvram:x:105:
fuse:x:106:
ssl-cert:x:107:
lpadmin:x:108:system,new
messagebus:x:109:
admin:x:110:system
crontab:x:111:
ssh:x:112:
avahi-autoipd:x:113:
avahi:x:114:
netdev:x:115:system
haldaemon:x:116:
powerdev:x:117:haldaemon,system
gdm:x:118:
slocate:x:119:
system:x:1000:
new:x:1001:
e em passwd:
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/bin/sh
bin:x:2:2:bin:/bin:/bin/sh
sys:x:3:3:sys:/dev:/bin/sh
sync:x:4:65534:sync:/bin:/bin/sync
games:x:5:60:games:/usr/games:/bin/sh
man:x:6:12:man:/var/cache/man:/bin/sh
lp:x:7:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/bin/sh
mail:x:8:8:mail:/var/mail:/bin/sh
news:x:9:9:news:/var/spool/news:/bin/sh
uucp:x:10:10:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/bin/sh
proxy:x:13:13:proxy:/bin:/bin/sh
www-data:x:33:33:www-data:/var/www:/bin/sh
backup:x:34:34:backup:/var/backups:/bin/sh
list:x:38:38:Mailing List Manager:/var/list:/bin/sh
irc:x:39:39:ircd:/var/run/ircd:/bin/sh
gnats:x:41:41:Gnats Bug-Reporting System (admin):/var/lib/gnats:/bin/sh
nobody:x:65534:65534:nobody:/nonexistent:/bin/sh
dhcp:x:100:101::/nonexistent:/bin/false
syslog:x:101:102::/home/syslog:/bin/false
klog:x:102:103::/home/klog:/bin/false
messagebus:x:103:109::/var/run/dbus:/bin/false
hplip:x:104:7:HPLIP system user,,,:/var/run/hplip:/bin/false
avahi-autoipd:x:105:113:Avahi autoip daemon,,,:/var/lib/avahi-autoipd:/bin/false
avahi:x:106:114:Avahi mDNS daemon,,,:/var/run/avahi-daemon:/bin/false
haldaemon:x:107:116:Hardware abstraction layer,,,:/home/haldaemon:/bin/false
gdm:x:108:118:Gnome Display Manager:/var/lib/gdm:/bin/false
system:x:1000:1000:Emerson,,,:/home/system:/bin/bash
new:x:1001:1001:Emerson de Lveira Costa,,,:/home/new:/bin/bash
Tentei entrar também em group- e em passwd-, e ainda no arquivo: /etc/security/opasswd mas apareceu uma mensagem, em ambos os arquivos, dizendo que não foi possível entrar no arquivo.... Você não tem permissão necessária para abrir o arquivo.
Mas quando entrei em: /etc/security/group. conf, abriu o seguinte texto:
#
# This is the configuration file for the pam_group module.
#
#
# *** Please note that giving group membership on a session basis is
# *** NOT inherently secure. If a user can create an executable that
# *** is setgid a group that they are infrequently given membership
# *** of, they can basically obtain group membership any time they
# *** like. Example: games are allowed between the hours of 6pm and 6am
# *** user joe logs in at 7pm writes a small C-program toplay.c that
# *** invokes their favorite shell, compiles it and does
# *** "chgrp games toplay; chmod g+s toplay". They are basically able
# *** to play games any time... You have been warned. AGM
#
#
# The syntax of the lines is as follows:
#
# services;ttys;users;times;groups
#
# white space is ignored and lines maybe extended with '\\n' (escaped
# newlines). From reading these comments, it is clear that
# text following a '#' is ignored to the end of the line.
#
# the combination of individual users/terminals etc is a logic list
# namely individual tokens that are optionally prefixed with '!' (logical
# not) and separated with '&' (logical and) and '|' (logical or).
#
# services
# is a logic list of PAM service names that the rule applies to.
#
# ttys
# is a logic list of terminal names that this rule applies to.
#
# users
# is a logic list of users or a netgroup of users to whom this
# rule applies.
#
# NB. For these items the simple wildcard '*' may be used only once.
# With netgroups no wildcards or logic operators are allowed.
#
# times
# It is used to indicate "when" these groups are to be given to the
# user. The format here is a logic list of day/time-range
# entries the days are specified by a sequence of two character
# entries, MoTuSa for example is Monday Tuesday and Saturday. Note
# that repeated days are unset MoMo = no day, and MoWk = all weekdays
# bar Monday. The two character combinations accepted are
#
# Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Wk Wd Al
#
# the last two being week-end days and all 7 days of the week
# respectively. As a final example, AlFr means all days except Friday.
#
# Each day/time-range can be prefixed with a '!' to indicate "anything
# but"
#
# The time-range part is two 24-hour times HHMM separated by a hyphen
# indicating the start and finish time (if the finish time is smaller
# than the start time it is deemed to apply on the following day).
#
# groups
# The (comma or space separated) list of groups that the user
# inherits membership of. These groups are added if the previous
# fields are satisfied by the user's request
#
# For a rule to be active, ALL of service+ttys+users must be satisfied
# by the applying process.
#
#
# Note, to get this to work as it is currently typed you need
#
# 1. to run an application as root
# 2. add the following groups to the /etc/group file:
# floppy, games, sound
#
#
# Here is a simple example: running 'xsh' on tty* (any ttyXXX device),
# the user 'us' is given access to the floppy (through membership of
# the floppy group)
#
#xsh;tty*&!ttyp*;us;Al0000-2400;floppy
#
# another example: running 'xsh' on tty* (any ttyXXX device),
# the user 'sword' is given access to games (through membership of
# the sound and play group) after work hours. (The games group owns
# high-score files and so on, so don't ever give users access to it.)
#
#xsh; tty* ;sword;!Wk0900-1800;sound, play
#xsh; tty* ;*;Al0900-1800;floppy
#
# End of group.conf file
#
Isso foi tudo que consegui achar sobre group e passwd.
Tópico: senha de root (Lida 3844 vezes)